The concrete blocks are used in the work or the works of construction, including wall running, instead of clay bricks.
Thus, instead of being executed in a wall brickwork, we will have a masonry wall with concrete.
Brickwork is a constructive process, in which use elements, which in general are designated by bricks, which are interconnected by means of mortar.
The advantage in using concrete blocks is the greatest strength and durability, and also greater ease of application.
The concrete blocks can take various shapes, entire or pierced, as is the case which is presented in the image.
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CONCRETE
The concrete, whose word is derived from the word "concret", is a mixture of portland cement predefined proportions (called the binder), sand, water, gravel (or crushed stone) and additives, as one of its goals to give plasticity to concrete .
According to the ratio between the various constituent elements of concrete are defined various classes of concrete, with different applications, depending on the stresses to which they will be subjected and the type of construction wherein concrete is applied.
In each country there are rules or documents with legal governing these situations.
The main constituent of the concrete is portland cement, which results from the processing of limestone, which comprises a product called clinker, consisting of calcium silicates.
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE BLOCK
The use of concrete block construction has both advantages and disadvantages.
The main advantages are its greatest strength, namely compressive and fire, durability, good insulation, and even greater ease of application and can dispense any type of exterior cladding (which is usually designated by "staying in sight" up) or be of small thickness.
How inconvenient protrude bad insulation, the fact absorb moisture easily and hinder the execution (opening) of drilling for the installation of pipes and channels electricity, water, etc..
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Making concrete blocks MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE BLOCK
Nowadays the manufacture of concrete blocks is made industrially in specialized plants, using suitable machinery, which not only vibrate the concrete and the mold block, but also compress the concrete (compression) by means of presses actuated by pistons, ensuring the characteristics specified for the block.
The picture shows a machine for manufacturing concrete blocks.
But the blocks can also be made by hand, although the final product does not offer the same guarantees of industrial manufacturing.
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MANUFACTURE OF CONCRETE BLOCK ARTESANAL
To make handmade concrete blocks is necessary to follow a series of steps, as indicated below, avoiding places with rain or moisture:
1 - Construct the molds of plain wooden blocks, namely the inner face, parallelepiped-shaped, with dimensions equal to the internal dimensions of the blocks desired, and without a face.
2 - Produce a concrete mixer manual, mixing the extent specified in standardization, cement, water, sand, gravel and any additives.
3 - Filling the mold with concrete, taking care to go stirring concrete, and proceed to compaction, with an equipment designed for this purpose which may be a wooden board with smooth handle.
4 - Allow to dry the concrete in the mold for 21 to 28 days (which is called "curing of concrete" or "take prey") in place without rain and humidity.
5 - Unmould the molds, being careful not to damage the faces of the block.
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